This command sets the character ordering for standard-type data. The correct usage is:
ctype <ordering>:<characters>
The available options for the <ordering> specifier are:
unordered -- Movement directly from one state to another is allowed in an instant of time.
ordered -- Movement is only allowed between adjacent characters. For example, perhaps only between 0 <-> 1 and 1 <-> 2 for a three state character ordered as 0 - 1 - 2.
irreversible -- Rates of change for losses are 0.
The characters to which the ordering is applied is specified in manner that is identical to commands such as "include" or "exclude". For example,
ctype ordered: 10 23 45
defines characters 10, 23, and 45 to be of type ordered. Similarly,
ctype irreversible: 54 - 67 71-92
defines characters 54 to 67 and characters 71 to 92 to be of type irreversible. You can use the "." to denote the last character, and "all" to denote all of the characters. Finally, you can use the specifier "\" to apply the ordering to every n-th character or you can use predefined charsets to specify the character.
Only one ordering can be used on any specific application of ctype. If you want to apply different orderings to different characters, then you need to use ctype multiple times. For example,
ctype ordered: 1-50
ctype irreversible: 51-100
sets characters 1 to 50 to be ordered and characters 51 to 100 to be irreversible.
The ctype command is only sensible with morphological (here called "standard") characters. The program ignores attempts to apply character orderings to other types of characters, such as DNA characters.